振动安全

1. 临时或永久性疼痛和手臂或手臂的使用丧失
2. Muscle fatigue and weakness causes reduced mobility in the fingers, hand or arm.
3. Damage to the blood vessels causes pain and discoloration.
4. Damage to nerves causes numbness and tingling.

风险和责任

It is well established that exposure to high magnitude vibration power tools will increase the risk of a debilitating injury known as Hand-Arm Vibration Syndrome (HAVS). This injury causes damage to nerves, blood vessels, muscles, and joints

在手和手臂。这种伤害可能会在一两年内发生或出现在未来之后。严重的病例是不可逆转的和永久性的。世界各地的雇主有责任意识到危害并保护劳动力免受这种伤害风险。

行业标准

Government safety and health organizations have established the current standard Hand Arm Vibration (HAV) exposure limit (European Standard Directive 2002/44/EC) in a daily (8 hour) Exposure Action Value (EAV) of 2.5 m/s2• In Europe this is a law that must be followed by employers. Any tool with a declared vibration value greater enters a higher risk category and will require action on the part of the employer to limit the risk of injury. A worker who is exposed to vibration above a daily Exposure Limit Value (ELV) of 5 m/s2 is at high risk of developing HAVS.

Calculating The Risk Of Impact Wrenches

雇主通过将刀具振动强度与曝光持续时间相结合，在曝光是使用该工具的操作员的实际“触发时间”的情况下，进行风险评估。计算风险并将其分类为低，中等或高，如下图所示。诸如冲击扳手的高振动工具，如果经常使用，迅速成为Haves伤害的中等或高风险。大多数所有冲击扳手超过行业标准曝光动作值（EAV）限制为2.5 m / s2。大多数冲击扳手也超过5米/平方米的曝光极限值（ELV），意味着高风险的开发HAV。可靠的来源[1]工具振动数据在典型的工作期间在7到11米/平方米的撞击扳手振动中表征。

[1] Sources of vibration magnitude data

Administrative Controls

Exposure to vibration from moderate and high-risk tools like impact wrenches usually must be reduced through administrative controls. This may include rotating employees or limiting minutes of use. The National Institute of Occupational Health and Safety (NIOSH) recommends limiting the number of hours and days per week an employee must use a high vibrating hand tool. NIOSH suggests limiting its use to 10-minute operating cycles, totaling no more than two hours per day and no more than two consecutive days a week. Administrative controls also include monitoring the condition of the tool and the health of the workers. Many operators are discovering that administrative controls are difficult to manage, slowing jobs and still putting workers at risk.

Select Power Torque Tools With Torque-Multipliers

当规划重复螺栓传输操作时，建议使用具有扭矩乘数的低振动功率扭矩工具，例如Hytorc电动和气动扭矩工具以最小化风险。所有这些工具都有振动暴露，这比冲击螺栓工具减少了十倍。这些工具经过认证的振动，比曝光动作值（EAV）为2.5 m / s2•如下面的扭矩工具所示，诸如Hytorc电动和气动工具的扭矩工具，测量振动值小于1.5 m / s2。操作员可以在整个一天的螺栓作业上使用这些工具，同时留在“低风险”类别中，而不担心受损。

What about anti-vibration gloves?

A NIOSH study found some Anti-Vibration Gloves (AV Gs) can reduce the intensity of vibration to the hand. Effectiveness is "highly dependent" on the tool vibration frequency and the amount of exposure. NIOSH concluded that AVGs cannot be relied upon alone to provide sufficient protection against HAV injury. Despite limitations that AVGs offer, gloves are still recommended PPE when using high vibration tools to keep hands warm and dry and to protect against cuts, abrasions and job hazards.